Definition
Occurs frequently in longer messages. Often there are grammatical clues that the setting isn’t thematic. Held constant until a new one replaces it.
Setting is a narrative counterpoint of circumstance. It provides information in time, location, participants and background events or states. It often consists of state propositions.
English examples
- The next morning, Jane came to the door.
Kovol examples
- Nisil hala, teme undum hutam heb
"It was two days, and they found one woman" - Sandil ab ogo igitasi, yab woheb ogoteleb. Nomol hiyol hiyol ab tebege.
"They were at the hauswin, and she went down and saw them (lusim). Water (rivers) on both sides came to this place." - Ig monduguwa hiyol ogo sigesig wogondot. Nom hobol ege aminim.
"Some of our relatives were killed by a landslide. That is the story I am going to tell." - Yog undum ege es ndugula nom egende bili ege yang.
“When you have a child, it will calmly go well.” - Om mena ubuwa nom bili ege nemb yang.
“When you plant yams, you will eat well.” - Simong hong hala endet pasum mohis o mandemind.
"It was vanilla time and long ago thieves came." - Mohis uto hong ombo ege libot nom ilib
“the time to give a new husband, it came and she went.”
it was vanilla time and long ago thieves came
Kovol description
Hortatory texts showed the pattern of using embedded clauses with nom to establish a setting.
Degree of certainty
Medium
There are some good examples.