Means-result

Definition

The result follows from an event deliberately undertaken with the purpose of bringing it about. The element of purpose or design is present. Answers the question: How did this result come about?

Means always carries the idea of intention.

English examples

• By sweeping the floor, she got it clean.
• By working very hard, he finished early.
• They protected the house through constant vigilance.
• The team won by playing well together.

Kovol examples

• Hoyom obob, endet ig ab om ege bili tugelis
  "By getting knowledge, our place will become good"
• Yog hala lumas, endet endet yogonongg ege yis.
  "By you holding on to it, they will go with us (to good understanding)"
• Nombo hum agamb a ege wenimyam, endet nog ege libing.”
  “By him just being there, with me beating him, he will come up with (the bride price) .”

Kovol description

The means proposition is given first, followed by the word "endet" and the result proposition. Endet means "like that" or "in that way", so literally the Kovol reads "means like that reason"

Degree of certainty

Medium

There were some good and quite simple examples of means-result in DA.

Endet has been seen in contexts where it probably isn't functioning as a means-result, but as some kind of associative relationship.